Lawrence Britt, yaptigi calismada Hitlerden, Mussolini'ye, Franco'dan Suharto ya degisik fasit rejimlerin ozelliklerini incelemis ve asagidaki 14 ortak karakteri tespit etmis. Elimden geldigince ingilizcesini Turkceye cevirerek (ingilizce orjinal tanimlari da tutarak) bunun Turkiye ye ne kadar uyduguna kanit aramaya calisacagim.
1.Powerful and Continuing Nationalism - Fascist regimes tend to make constant use of patriotic mottos, slogans, symbols, songs, and other paraphernalia. Flags are seen everywhere, as are flag symbols on clothing and in public displays.
Guclu ve surekli Milliyetcilik - Fasit rejimler surekli olarak vatansever soylemler, sloganlar, semboller, sarkilar ve diger araclari icerir. Ulusal bayraklar heryerde kullanilir ve sosyal gosterimine onem verilir
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2. Disdain for the Recognition of Human Rights - Because of fear of enemies and the need for security, the people in fascist regimes are persuaded that human rights can be ignored in certain cases because of "need." The people tend to look the other way or even approve of torture, summary executions, assassinations, long incarcerations of prisoners, etc.
Insan haklarinin dusmanlar gosterilerek ve ulusal guvenlik soylemleri ile goz ardi edilmesi, kucumsenmesi fasit rejimlerde sikca gorulur. Fasist rejimlerde insan haklari ihlalleri "Gerek" duyulmasi nedeni ile gecerli kilinir. Insanlar genellikle haklari ihlallerini gormezden gelir hatta bazen iskence, infazlarin ve uzun hukumluluk hallerinin yapilmasini desteklerler.
3. Identification of Enemies/Scapegoats as a Unifying Cause - The people are rallied into a unifying patriotic frenzy over the need to eliminate a perceived common threat or foe: racial , ethnic or religious minorities; liberals; communists; socialists, terrorists, etc.
Dusmanlari ve gunah kecilerini birlestirici olgular olarak one surer. Insanlar vatansever duygular uzerinden ortak tehditleri yenmek ortadan kaldirmak icin biraraya getirilir. Bu yapilirken Irk, etnik koken, dini azinliklar, liberaller, komunistler, sosyalistler ve teroristler gibi siniflandirmalar kullanilir.
4. Supremacy of the Military - Even when there are widespread domestic problems, the military is given a disproportionate amount of government funding, and the domestic agenda is neglected. Soldiers and military service are glamorized.
Askeri kurumlara verilen ustun yetkiler; Genele yayilmis ic sorunlarin oldugu hallerde bile askeri kuvvetlere oransiz devlet finansmai ayrilir ve yerel gundem konulari gozardi edilir. Askerler ve ordu yucelestirilir.
5. Rampant Sexism - The governments of fascist nations tend to be almost exclusively male-dominated. Under fascist regimes, traditional gender roles are made more rigid. Divorce, abortion and homosexuality are suppressed and the state is represented as the ultimate guardian of the family institution.
Siddetli cinsiyet ayrimciligi - Fasist duzenlerle yonetilen ulkelerde agirlikli olarak erkek egemen bir yapi gozlenir. Bu rejimlerde geleneksel cinsiyet rollari cok kati olarak tanimlanmistir. Bosanma, kurtaj ve escinsellik bastirlir ve devlet aile duzenin yegane korucusu rolune burunur.
6. Controlled Mass Media - Sometimes to media is directly controlled by the government, but in other cases, the media is indirectly controlled by government regulation, or sympathetic media spokespeople and executives. Censorship, especially in war time, is very common.
Ana akim medyanin kontrol altina alinmasi - Bazen medya dogrudan devlet tarafindan kontrol edilir. Bazi durumlarda dolayli yollar ve devlet uygulamalari ya da yandas medya mensuplari ve yoneticileri araciligiyla kontrol saglamaya calisir. Sansur, ozellikle savas zamani, cok yaygindir.
7. Obsession with National Security - Fear is used as a motivational tool by the government over the masses.
Ulusal guvenlikle ilgili olarak saplanti. Devlet kalabaliklarin motivasyonu icin korku politikasi yurutur.
8. Religion and Government are Intertwined - Governments in fascist nations tend to use the most common religion in the nation as a tool to manipulate public opinion. Religious rhetoric and terminology is common from government leaders, even when the major tenets of the religion are diametrically opposed to the government's policies or actions.
Din-inanc ve devlet kavramlari iliskilendirilir. Fasist yonetimlerde toplum fikrinin sekillendirilmesinde Din temel arac olarak kullanilir. Dini soylemler ve terminoloji, devlet liderleri tarafindan sikca kullanilir - Bu durum hukumet politikalarina taban taban zit oldugu durumlarda bile gecerlidir.
9. Corporate Power is Protected - The industrial and business aristocracy of a fascist nation often are the ones who put the government leaders into power, creating a mutually beneficial business/government relationship and power elite.
Sirket ve kurum gucleri korunur. Endustri ve is dunyasina ait ariktosrasi fasist duzenlerde devlet liderlerini basa getirir. Bu sayede ortak is/devlet cikarlari korunur ve guc odaklari olusturulur.
10. Labor Power is Suppressed - Because the organizing power of labor is the only real threat to a fascist government, labor unions are either eliminated entirely, or are severely suppressed.
Isci sinifi bastirilir - Bu sinifin organizasyonu fasist yonetimlerin temel tehditidir. Isci birlikleri toptan ya da kismi olarak bastirilir ve engellenir.
11. Disdain for Intellectuals and the Arts - Fascist nations tend to promote and tolerate open hostility to higher education, and academia. It is not uncommon for professors and other academics to be censored or even arrested. Free expression in the arts and letters is openly attacked.
Entellektuelite ve sanat kucumsenir. Bu tip yonetimlerde yuksek egitim ve akademik yapilara acik olarak dusmanlik gosterilir ve desteklenir. Profesorlerin ve akademisyenlerin sansure maruz kalmasi hatta tutuklanmasi sikca gorulur. Ifade ozgurlugu, sanatsal etkinlikler, mektublar acikca saldiriya maruz kalir.
12. Obsession with Crime and Punishment - Under fascist regimes, the police are given almost limitless power to enforce laws. The people are often willing to overlook police abuses and even forego civil liberties in the name of patriotism. There is often a national police force with virtually unlimited power in fascist nations.
Suc ve cezalandirma saplantisi. Fasist rejimlerde kanunu uygulamasi icin polise sinirsiz yetkiler verilir. Insanlar sivil duzenin korunmasi, vatandaslik duygulari ve milletin butunlugu adi altinda polis tacizleri ve baskilari gormezden gelinir. Cogunlukla polis kollari fasist rejimlerden sinirsiz destek alir ve gucunu kotuye kullanir.
13. Rampant Cronyism and Corruption - Fascist regimes almost always are governed by groups of friends and associates who appoint each other to government positions and use governmental power and authority to protect their friends from accountability. It is not uncommon in fascist regimes for national resources and even treasures to be appropriated or even outright stolen by government leaders.
Asiri ayrimcilik ve yozlasma : Fasist rejimlerde genellikle belli zumrelere ait insanlar ve yandaslari kayirilir. Devlet bu grubu korumak ve gozetmek icin otoritesini kullanir. Fasist rejimlerde devlet kaynaklarininve hazinenin yandaslar tarafindan kullanilmasi hatta devlet liderleri tarafindan karsiliksiz olarak alinmasi yaygindir.
14. Fraudulent Elections - Sometimes elections in fascist nations are a complete sham. Other times elections are manipulated by smear campaigns against or even assassination of opposition candidates, use of legislation to control voting numbers or political district boundaries, and manipulation of the media. Fascist nations also typically use their judiciaries to manipulate or control elections.
Hileli Secimler - Fasist rejimlerde bazi secimlerin tamamen duzmece oldugu gorulur. Diger zamanlarda secimler iftira kampanyalari ile yonlendirilir, hatta rakip liderlerin suikaste ugramasi gorulebilir. Var olan yasalarin oy sayilarinin kontorlunde kullanilmasi hatta politik sinirlar ve medya manipulasyonlari kullanilabilir. Fasist yonetimlerin hukuksal guclerini secimlerin kazanilmasinda kullanmasi tipiktir.
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